E-ISSN 2756-4843 | ISSN 0794-5698
 
2020, Vol: 28, Issue: 1
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Original Research 


Salinity Influence on Copper Sulphate and Lead Nitrate Combined Toxicity Against Oreochromis niloticus

FIDELIA IJEOMA OSUALA, KAFILAT ADEBOLA BAWA-ALLAH, NNEAMAKA UBA.

Abstract
ABSTRACT
Brackish water ecosystems characterized by fluctuating physicochemical parameters are more susceptible to the toxic effects of heavy metals acting singly or jointly. This study investigated the effect of salinity variations on the joint action toxicity of copper sulphate (CuSO4) and lead nitrate Pb(NO3)2 against fingerlings of Oreochromis niloticus. Fingerlings were exposed to binary mixtures of CuSO4 and Pb(NO3)2 (ratios 1:1 and 1:4) at varying salinities (0 ‰ 2 ‰, 12 ‰ and 18 ‰) in laboratory bioassays. The results of heavy metals at 12 ‰ with 96hr LC50 values of 115.558 mg l-1 and 198.274 mg l-1 at ratios 1:1 and 1:4 respectively compared to 8.465 mg l-1 and 16.884 mg l-1 for 0 ‰, 46.084 mg l-1 and 69.843 mg l-1 for 2 ‰ and 13.196mg l-1 and 100.567 mg l-1 for 18 ‰ at ratios 1:1 and 1:4 respectively. Analysis using the Synergistic Ratio Model (SR) showed that both heavy metals were less toxic to the fish species when acting jointly irrespective of ratio than when acting singly at 12 ‰. Therefore, the need to consider the fluctuating salinity and joint interaction of heavy metals in setting ecologically safe limits for the discharge of effluents containing heavy metals into the aquatic ecosystems is important.

Key words: Key words: Salinity, Heavy Metals, Toxicity, Oreochromis niloticus


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

FIDELIA IJEOMA OSUALA, KAFILAT ADEBOLA BAWA-ALLAH, NNEAMAKA UBA. Salinity Influence on Copper Sulphate and Lead Nitrate Combined Toxicity Against Oreochromis niloticus. Nig. J. Basic Appl. Sci.. 2019; 27(1): 1-9. doi:10.4314/njbas.v27i1.1

Web Style

FIDELIA IJEOMA OSUALA, KAFILAT ADEBOLA BAWA-ALLAH, NNEAMAKA UBA. Salinity Influence on Copper Sulphate and Lead Nitrate Combined Toxicity Against Oreochromis niloticus. http://www.njbas-udus.com/?mno=294227 [Access: November 08, 2020]. doi:10.4314/njbas.v27i1.1

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

FIDELIA IJEOMA OSUALA, KAFILAT ADEBOLA BAWA-ALLAH, NNEAMAKA UBA. Salinity Influence on Copper Sulphate and Lead Nitrate Combined Toxicity Against Oreochromis niloticus. Nig. J. Basic Appl. Sci.. 2019; 27(1): 1-9. doi:10.4314/njbas.v27i1.1


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

FIDELIA IJEOMA OSUALA, KAFILAT ADEBOLA BAWA-ALLAH, NNEAMAKA UBA. Salinity Influence on Copper Sulphate and Lead Nitrate Combined Toxicity Against Oreochromis niloticus. Nig. J. Basic Appl. Sci.. (2019), [cited November 08, 2020]; 27(1): 1-9. doi:10.4314/njbas.v27i1.1


Harvard Style

FIDELIA IJEOMA OSUALA, KAFILAT ADEBOLA BAWA-ALLAH, NNEAMAKA UBA (2019) Salinity Influence on Copper Sulphate and Lead Nitrate Combined Toxicity Against Oreochromis niloticus. Nig. J. Basic Appl. Sci., 27 (1), 1-9. doi:10.4314/njbas.v27i1.1


Turabian Style

FIDELIA IJEOMA OSUALA, KAFILAT ADEBOLA BAWA-ALLAH, NNEAMAKA UBA. 2019. Salinity Influence on Copper Sulphate and Lead Nitrate Combined Toxicity Against Oreochromis niloticus. Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 27 (1), 1-9. doi:10.4314/njbas.v27i1.1


Chicago Style

FIDELIA IJEOMA OSUALA, KAFILAT ADEBOLA BAWA-ALLAH, NNEAMAKA UBA. "Salinity Influence on Copper Sulphate and Lead Nitrate Combined Toxicity Against Oreochromis niloticus." Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 27 (2019), 1-9. doi:10.4314/njbas.v27i1.1


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

FIDELIA IJEOMA OSUALA, KAFILAT ADEBOLA BAWA-ALLAH, NNEAMAKA UBA. "Salinity Influence on Copper Sulphate and Lead Nitrate Combined Toxicity Against Oreochromis niloticus." Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 27.1 (2019), 1-9. Print. doi:10.4314/njbas.v27i1.1


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

FIDELIA IJEOMA OSUALA, KAFILAT ADEBOLA BAWA-ALLAH, NNEAMAKA UBA (2019) Salinity Influence on Copper Sulphate and Lead Nitrate Combined Toxicity Against Oreochromis niloticus. Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 27 (1), 1-9. doi:10.4314/njbas.v27i1.1




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