E-ISSN 2756-4843 | ISSN 0794-5698
 
2020, Vol: 28, Issue: 2
28 / 2Current Issue Online First Archive Aims and Scope Abstracting & Indexing Most Accessed Articles Most Downloaded Articles Most Cited Articles

Original Research 


Split-plot Central Composite Experimental Design Method for Optimization of Cake Height to Achieve desired Texture

Yisa Yakubu, Zulihat Queen Aliyu, Abubakar Usman, Patience Evans.

Abstract
Many quality improvement projects require some form of experimentation on a process whereby an investigator is able to examine the effect of purposeful changes on the settings of the input variables on the response. Today, statistical methods of experimental design are increasingly being adopted in optimization of food technological processes and in the development of new, health-supporting food of high quality. Statistical techniques, mostly standard central composite designs (CCD), are often used because of the belief that the experimental factors can be completely randomized. However, most industrial experiments often involve factors with hard to change (HTC) levels and those with easy to change (ETC) levels, whereby the HTC factor cannot be completely randomized and this leads to a split-plot design. This work designs and conducts a split-plot central composite experiment with oven temperature as the HTC factor and, amount of flour, baking powder, and amount of milk as ETC factors. Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) and generalized least squares (GLS) estimation techniques were used to analyze the generated data. Each main factor effect and the quadratic effects of temperature, baking powder, and milk, were highly significant. The stationary point was determined to be y ̂=11.047 at the points: A=〖250〗^o C,B=1.5 cups,C=1.5 teaspoonfull,and D=0.75cup.

Key words: Keywords: Experiment, split-plot CCD, Cake height, design, stationary point


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Yakubu Y, Aliyu ZQ, Usman A, Evans P, . Split-plot Central Composite Experimental Design Method for Optimization of Cake Height to Achieve desired Texture. Nig. J. Basic Appl. Sci.. 2020; 28(1): 30-39. doi:10.4314/njbas.v28i1.5

Web Style

Yakubu Y, Aliyu ZQ, Usman A, Evans P, . Split-plot Central Composite Experimental Design Method for Optimization of Cake Height to Achieve desired Texture. http://www.njbas-udus.com/?mno=47763 [Access: March 25, 2021]. doi:10.4314/njbas.v28i1.5

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Yakubu Y, Aliyu ZQ, Usman A, Evans P, . Split-plot Central Composite Experimental Design Method for Optimization of Cake Height to Achieve desired Texture. Nig. J. Basic Appl. Sci.. 2020; 28(1): 30-39. doi:10.4314/njbas.v28i1.5


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Yakubu Y, Aliyu ZQ, Usman A, Evans P, . Split-plot Central Composite Experimental Design Method for Optimization of Cake Height to Achieve desired Texture. Nig. J. Basic Appl. Sci.. (2020), [cited March 25, 2021]; 28(1): 30-39. doi:10.4314/njbas.v28i1.5


Harvard Style

Yakubu, Y., Aliyu, Z. Q., Usman, A., Evans, P. & (2020) Split-plot Central Composite Experimental Design Method for Optimization of Cake Height to Achieve desired Texture. Nig. J. Basic Appl. Sci., 28 (1), 30-39. doi:10.4314/njbas.v28i1.5


Turabian Style

Yakubu, Yisa, Zulihat Queen Aliyu, Abubakar Usman, Patience Evans, and . 2020. Split-plot Central Composite Experimental Design Method for Optimization of Cake Height to Achieve desired Texture. Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 28 (1), 30-39. doi:10.4314/njbas.v28i1.5


Chicago Style

Yakubu, Yisa, Zulihat Queen Aliyu, Abubakar Usman, Patience Evans, and . "Split-plot Central Composite Experimental Design Method for Optimization of Cake Height to Achieve desired Texture." Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 28 (2020), 30-39. doi:10.4314/njbas.v28i1.5


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Yakubu, Yisa, Zulihat Queen Aliyu, Abubakar Usman, Patience Evans, and . "Split-plot Central Composite Experimental Design Method for Optimization of Cake Height to Achieve desired Texture." Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 28.1 (2020), 30-39. Print. doi:10.4314/njbas.v28i1.5


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Yakubu, Y., Aliyu, Z. Q., Usman, A., Evans, P. & (2020) Split-plot Central Composite Experimental Design Method for Optimization of Cake Height to Achieve desired Texture. Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 28 (1), 30-39. doi:10.4314/njbas.v28i1.5




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